You start with one glucose molecule and have every intention

You start with one glucose molecule and have every intention to make the maximum amount of ATP possible via aerobic respiration. However, something always comes up and those precursor metabolites keep getting siphoned off for other needs. Please provide the maximum amount of ATP that will be made if (show your work): NADH = 2.5 and FADH= 1.5 A-ketoglutarate is siphoned off to make glutamate Acetyl-CoA is syphoned off to make ketone bodies. Pyruvate is syphoned off to make amino acids

Solution

a). The ATP and high energy electron carriers produced in different stages of cellular respiration are given below:

ATP

NADH

FADH₂

CO₂

Glycolosis

2

2

0

0

Transition Reaction

2

2

CAC

2

6

2

4

Total

4

10

2

6

Glycolysis produces 2 ATPs and 2 NADH molecules. Transition reaction (three carbon pyruvate is converted into 2 carbon acetyl-CoA) produces 2 NADH molecules and until the point of alpha-glutarate production, one NADH is produced. Thus, 5*2.5 = 12.5 ATPs and 2 ATPs, total 14.5 ATPs are produced.

b). The citric acid cycle starts with acetyl-CoA, it is siphoned off to ketone bodies means no energy is produced from the citric acid cycle. The number of ATPs produced are, 2 direct ATPs from glycolysis, 2 NADH molecules produced from glycolysis and 2 other NADH molecules produced from the transition reaction. Thus, total 4 NADH molecules give rise to 10 ATPs. Total 12 ATPs are produced.

c). When pyruvate is removed, only the ATPs are produced from glycolysis. It gives 7 ATPs (2 ATP + 2 NADH).

	ATP	NADH	FADH2	CO2
Glycolosis	2	2	0	0
Transition Reaction		2		2
CAC	2	6	2	4
Total	4	10	2	6