Below are partial mitochondrial cytochrome b a protein codin

Below are partial mitochondrial cytochrome b (a protein coding gene) sequences from two different species. Sequence differences are in bold type. What is the ratio of transitions to transversions in these two sequences (For help, see page 11 of your book). List the type(s) of markers you would select if you wish to do the following types of studies. Briefly explain your choices. Compare pollen and seed flow in a plant species Compare male and female dispersal in an animal species

Solution

1. Transition- conversion of purine to purine or pyrimidine to pyrimidine.

Transversion- conversion of purine to pyrimidine and pyrimidine to purine.

3 transversion and 3 transition

thats means 1:1

2. Gene flow among plant populations can take place in two ways through pollen grain or through seed dispersal.

there are three kind of marker known to compare gene flow in plants.

1. Nuclear Marker

2. Paternally inherited markers

3. Matternally inherited

3. Male and female dispersal is very important evolutionary process It influences individual fitness, reproductive success, genetic variation and relationships among individuals within populations, gene flow among populations there are three basic marker for this

1.Sex-biased Dispersal

2.Microsatellite Polymorphism

3.Population Differentiation