How does aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolism aect optima

How does aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolism aect optimal energy transfer capacity for a 100-m sprinter, 400-m hurdler, and marathon runner?

Solution

(1). In 100-m sprinter, ATP is synthesised mainly by anaerobic metabolism, which produces less energy per the glucose consumed. Means, 2 ATP per one glucose molecule consumed. Only 5% of energy is produced by aerobic metabolism. Aerobic metabolism produces approximately 32 ATPs per one glucose molecule consumed. So, the energy transfer is less efficient in sprinters.

2). In 400 meter hurdler, the anaerobic energy contribution is about 57% and the aerobic energy contribution is about 43%.

3). In marathon runners, the aerobic energy contribution is about 98%, while the anaerobic contribution is 2%. Thus, the energy transfer is very efficient.