The amount as well as the activity of Glutamine synthetase i

The amount as well as the activity of Glutamine synthetase is tightly controlled. Explain and give reasons for the various ways in which this enzyme is regulated in terms of amount and activity level.

Solution

Glutamine synthetase regulation occurs by cumulative feedback inhibition process in which some are discuss below:

Adenylylation process in which Adenyl transferase adenylates the enzyme, make Adenylated Glutamine synthetase in less active form.

Various amino acids like glycine, histidine, serine, alanine and tryptophan bind to glutamate substrate site of enzyme.

On the other hand, ADP, GDP and AMP bind to ATP binding site of enzyme to stop its function.

Methionine Sulfoximine binds to the substrate-binding site of the enzyme and gets phosphorylate by ATP.