In year 1984 the Census Bureaus population estimate of the U

In year 1984 the Census Bureau\'s population estimate of the US was 243,000,000 with an annual growth rate of 0.7 % and Mexico\'s population was 78,000,000 with an annual growth rate of 3.3 %. Write a program to display the population estimate of each of the countries by year from year 1985 to present. Round the population to the nearest whole number and display the information in three columns as follows:

When you are finished with this program do not turn it in, but modify it to display the same information up to when Mexico\'s population exceeds the US population. You will need to convert the for loop to a do... while loop. this version only.

cout<<setw(10)<<month<<setw(10)<<IntAmt<<setw(10)monthlyamt<<setw(10)newamount endl;

IntAmt=newamt*mthlyintrate;

new Ant=newamt +iintamt +montlydeposit;

  Year     Us Pop        Mex Pop

1985    244701000     80574000
1986    246413907     83232942
1987    248138804     85979629
1988    249875776     88816957
1989    251624906     91747916
1990    253386281     94775598
1991    255159985     97903192
1992    256946105    101133998
1993    258744727    104471420
1994    260555940    107918977
1995    262379832    111480303
1996    264216491    115159153
1997    266066006    118959405
1998    267928468    122885065
1999    269803968    126940272
2000    271692595    131129301
2001    273594444    135456568
2002    275509605    139926635
2003    277438172    144544214
2004    279380239    149314173
2005    281335901    154241541
2006    283305252    159331512
2007    285288389    164589451
2008    287285408    170020903
2009    289296405    175631593
2010    291321480    181427436
2011    293360731    187414541
2012    295414256    193599221
2013    297482156    199987995
2014    299564531    206587599

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Process exited with return value 0
Press any key to continue . . .

Solution

The U. S. Census Bureau county estimates program uses a special case of the change in stock method known as the ratio-correlation method (Namboodiri, 1972). In this method, we construct a linear regression equation for each state separately, using indicators appropriate for that state. The independent variables are ratios of the proportion of each indicator that is located in a given county in the state as of the date of the most recent census to the comparable proportion at the time of the prior census. The dependent variable is the ratio of the proportion of a state\'s population in a given county in the most recent census to the comparable proportion in the prior census. The resulting regression parameters(kappa,alpha,Beta,Gamma) are then used to estimate postcensal county populations in equation 3.

The key assumption in this method is that the relationship among geographic units between change in population and change in the selected indicator variables remains constant over time (Tayman and Schafer, 1985). Complications also arise if indicator variables change over time in selected areas for reasons unrelated to population -- for example, changes in the tax law, changes in general fertility rates, increases in automobile registrations per person, etc.

Another population stock method used to estimate the ratio of the current population to the household change is the housing unit method. In this method, tax rolls, construction permits, certificates of occupancy, or utility data could be used to calculate changes in the number of housing units in an area (Smith and Mandell, 1984). In the Census Bureau\'s methodology the housing stock from the last census is updated using data on housing construction, demolitions, and conversions (Eq. 4).

The number of households in area i for date t is estimated by multiplying the estimated number of housing units at time t by an updated estimate of the occupancy rate for area i at time t. By assuming that the local occupancy rate changes as the national rate, we can update the area\'s rate by multiplying the occupancy rate for area i at the time of the census by the ratio of the national occupancy rate at time t from the Current Population Survey (CPS) to the national occupancy rate at the time of the census.

Finally, the population for the area i is calculated by multiplying the area\'s household estimate by an updated estimate of population per household. Again we assume that the area\'s population per household from the last census can be updated by multiplying by the ratio of the national population per household from the CPS to the national population per household in the last census.

All of the methods discussed so far refer to the household population under 65. The two other segments of the population, the population 65 and over and the group quarters population, are measured by their own specific change in stock methodologies. Since these two groups have unique characteristics (especially in terms of their migration patterns), we use administrative records systems that are unique to each of the two groups. The population over 65 is estimated by using changes in the medicare population since the last census as a direct measure of the change in the population 65 and over. No such nationwide systems exists for the group quarters populations (defined for estimates purposes as the population in military barracks, college dormitories, prisons and other institutions). Changes in these population since the last census are obtained from an inventory of major group quarters locations that is maintained and annually updated by a special data collection process in the Population Estimates Branch of the Population Division in cooperation with state agencies affiliated with the Federal-State Cooperative Program for Population Estimates