An underwater pipe with inner diameter of 25 cm discharges i

An underwater pipe with inner diameter of 25 cm discharges industrial wastwater at the sustained rate of 0.12 m3/s. The contaminant carried by this discharge increases the density above that of water but, at the same time, the discharge is slightly warmer than the receiving lake water, so that there is no net buoyancy effect. By which distance has the volumetric flowrate quadrupled from its initial value? And, how diluted is the industrial waste at that point? (Define dilution as the ratio of the initial concentration to the local value, to obtain a number larger than unity.)

Solution

From the above the data distance can be claculated in the following manner

= required distance 15 meter

Dilution ratio = 16/34