1Identify at least four forces in the general environment of

1.Identify at least four forces in the general environment of organizations and provide an example of each for an industry or business. How do these forces differ from the external stakeholders in the task environment?

2.Define the components of the acronym SMART in goal setting. Provide an example of a SMART goal and demonstrate that it meets all criteria.

3.What is MBO? Describe the process by which MBO is done as well as its purpose.

Solution

Four forces in the general environment of organizations :-

1. Sociocultural Forces: primarily consists of the demographics, Culture and the cultural characteristics of the societies in which an organization operates. It can significantly affect organization and both its inputs and outcomes, but still it provides important data about the population, societal values and thus help to translate data into business implications.

2. Technological Forces: Technology can critically affect an organization. Although the it can be quite complicated, managers especially need to focus on two basic attributes of the technology environment i.e., product and process changes.

3. Global Forces: Its importance depends on the organization’s size and scope of business. When the percentage of international sales increases as part of total sales, the global environment becomes more important.

4. Political and Legal Forces: Laws frame of the spends i.e what organizations can and cannot do and, as a consequence, create both challenges and opportunities. On one hand, changes in government spending can have a significant impact on the overall economy.

Acronym SMART stands for Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Time-Sensitive.

Management by objectives (MBO), is a process of defining objectives within an organization so that both management and employees agree to company\'s objectives and understand what is their role in the organization in order to achieve them.