Most networks use some type of collision avoidance or collis

Most networks use some type of collision avoidance or collision detection to prevent transmissions from getting corrupted. Learn about collision detection and avoidance in networking. What pieces of hardware and software actually do the collision detection? (What layer in TCP/IP?) How is collision detection and avoidance done at a dinner table during conversations? Is the dinner table conversation collision detection a good metaphor for how networks work? Why or why not? Minimum 250 words.

Solution

-->Data transfer between adjacent network nodes in wide area network or between nodes on the same local are
network segment can be done.all these process takes place in Datalink layer.
-->It provides the functionalities to transfer data between network entities.
-->while transfering data,the data may be corrupted.Datalink layer detect those errors and corrects them.
-->Data link frames do not cross the boundaries of a local network.Inter-network routing and global addressing
are higher-layer functions,allowing data-link protocols to focus on local delivery and media arbitration.
-->data link layer this way handles the traffic cop.
-->it endeavors to arbitrate between parties contending for access to a medium, without concern for their
ultimate destination.
-->When devices attempt to use a medium simultaneously, frame collisions occur.
-->Data-link protocols specify how devices detect and recover from such collisions, and may provide mechanisms
to reduce or prevent them.
-->For a receiver to detect transmission error, the sender must add redundant information (in the form of bits)
as an error detection code to the frame sent.
-->When the receiver obtains a frame with an error detection code it recomputes it and verifies whether the
received error detection code matches the computed error detection code.
-->If they match the frame is considered to be valid.
-->An error detection code can be defined as a function that computes the r (amount of redundant bits)
corresponding to each string of N total number of bits.
-->The simplest error detection code is the parity bit, which allows a receiver to detect transmission errors
that have affected a single bit among the transmitted N + r bits. If there are two or more bits in error,
the receiver may not be able to detect the transmission error.
-->