Homework SourseWrite a 12 page essay researching biological science and its
Write a 1-2 page essay researching biological science and its famous female scientists and the issues they encounter in this area of science including the following:
What is your understanding of biological science? What kind of research goes on in this area of science and is it as male dominant as other areas of science?
Explore the critical issues faced by female scientists in this area of study and has the situation changed in the last 50 years?
Solution
Biological Science: it is also termed as Biology, it is study of living organisms such as plants, animals. Biological science aim to understand at molecular level biochemical level to organismal and population levels. It include branches like Biochemistry, cell biology, computational Biology, Biophysics, Development biology, evolution, ecology, microbiology, Molecular biology etc.,
Beginning in the 1960, when the women movement in 20th century was nearing its peak, woman compaigned for and finally won equal right in education and employment . Instead of few woman training to be teacher, nurse, female student in increase in number were now choosing career in physics, chemistry, maths
Famous female scientists: Some greatest scientist of all the time were females who have made important discoveries in a variety fields in science. Several of their contributions throughout history have even surpassed those their male counterparts. List of famous female scientists below are organized in order of popularity as given below:
1. Marie Curie (1867-1934)
Famous for: Work on radioactivity
Marie Curie was the first woman to won Noble prize and the only woman win this award in two categories: Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work help creation of X-rays
2. Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909-2012)
Famous for : Nerve growth studies
Rita levi-montalcini was neurobiologist who won noble prize in physiology in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor. She was first Noble laureate to live past her 100th birthday.
3. Lise Meitner ( 1878-1968)
Famous for : Work on Nuclear physics
Lise Meitner was a key member of discoveries of nuclear fission.
4. Maria Mitchell (1818 - 1889)
Famous for : Work on astronomy
She was the very first american woman to become professional astronomer. She discovered a comet in 1847 that was named as Miss Mitchell Comet.
5. Elizabeth Blackburn (1948)
Famous for : Telomere (present at end of chromosomes)
Elizabeth Black won the noble prize in 2009 for her discovery of telomerase which is enzyme which replenishes telomere
6. Gertrude B. Elion ( 1918-1919)
Famous for : Development of new drugs
She won joint winner of noble prize in physiology and medicine in 1988 , one of her notable creations was the development of AIDS drug AZT.
7.Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958)
Famous for : Research on DNA, RNA, graphite
She was a X-ray crystallographer and biophysictist whose work greatly contributed to revolved x-ray diffraction images of DNA. Her worked result in finding DNA double helix.
8. Shirley Jackson ( 1916-65)
Famous for : Nuclear physics
She was first African american woman to attained doctorate degree from MIT in nuclear physics. she recevied many awards.
9.Chien-Shiung Wu (1912-1997)
She separating Uranium U235 and U238
10. Dorothy Hodgkin (1910-1994)
Famous for : protein crystallography
She was given Noble prize in chemistry for her findings on the makeup vitamin B12
Critical Issues faced by female scientists: According to research, the issues concern woman are
1. worklife balance
2. Equal pay
3. Harassment
4. Career Opportunities
5. Children and career
Among the above most important issue is harassment in the workplace also emerges as one of the five top cirtical issues. Nearly one third of women interviewed admit to having experienced harassment although more than 60%.
