Explain qualitatively how an optical trap or optical tweezer

Explain qualitatively how an optical trap or optical tweezer enables an object such as a glass bead to behave as if it is tethered to a fixed point through a spring. Briefly describe the role of optical tweezers in demonstrating cell membrane characteristics such as \"membrane fluidity\". How are optical traps used in studying bond strength for cell receptors or for obtaining a measure of whole-cell stiffness? Explain the terms resolution, functionalization, specificity, multiplexing and false positives as used in biomolecular sensing, with examples from the biomolecular sensing systems you have studied.

Solution

generally optical tweezers enables quantification of molecular,cellular and micro rheological process.optical tweezers helps in the measurement of rupture force between single live cell and a laser trapped bead and it also measures single molecule notch and ligand bond strength

resolution of biomolecular sensing system is the smallest change that it can detect in the quantity that it is measuring.

example:scanning tunneling probe which can resolve atoms and molecules.

specificity is the quality of being exact

functionalization is to cause to be functional

methods for the functionalization of polymer biosensor surfaces are aplied for the binding of receptors and sensing of biologiacal particles.

multiplexing is the modification of traditional techniques which are used to multipex interferometers and sensors

it is used to reduce the sensor cost by designing a system that minimizes the number of expensive system components

false positive indicates a given condition has been fulfilled, when it actually has not been fulfilled. I.e. erroneously a positive effect has been assumed.

positive result corresponds to rejection of null hypothesis