Please explain the differences in these two and the answers

Please explain the differences in these two and the answers. thank you

4. For an RNA strand that is 10 bases in size, around how many distinct sequences are possible?     

            a. 10 x 10³

            b. 10 x 10⁵

            c. 10 x 10⁷

            d. 10 x 10¹⁰

            e. 10 x 10¹²

5. For a protein/peptide that is 10 amino acids in size, around how many distinct sequences are possible?      

            a. 10 x 10³

            b. 10 x 10⁵

            c. 10 x 10⁷

            d. 10 x 10¹⁰

            e. 10 x 10¹²

Solution

Answer:

4. For an RNA strand that is 10 bases in size, around 10 x 10⁵ distinct sequences are possible.

Explanation: The RNA have total of 4 nucleotide bases i.e. AUGC. And among the 4 bases, the triplet codon (3 nucleotide bases of mRNA) give 64 possible combinations (4³) of distinct sequences. And similarily, 10 nucleotides will give 4¹⁰ = around 10 x 10⁵ distinct sequences.

5. For a protein/peptide that is 10 amino acids in size, around 10 x 10¹² distinct sequences are possible.   

Explanation: As it is known that there are 64 different 3-letter combinations of nucleotides, which are responsible to code for only 20 amino acids. Thus, when a peptide have 10 amino acids, it means that, for this 10 amino acid peptide, distinct peptide sequences will be 20¹⁰ = around *10 x 10¹².

* The 10 amino acid including start and stop codon. If they both considered there will be 20⁸ distinct peptide sequences possible.