46 Which diagnostic procedure detects abnormalities in synov

46) Which diagnostic procedure detects abnormalities in synovial fluid?

A) DEXA

B) arthrocentesis

C) MRI

D) arthroscopy

E) X-ray

47) Calcium phosphate interacts with ________ to form hydroxyapatite.

A) collagen

B) blood vessels

C) calcium hydroxide

D) nerve fibers

E) potassium carbonate

48) The yellow marrow that fills the medullary cavities of many bones is dominated by ________.

A) adipocytes

B) immature red blood cells

C) stem cells

D) mature red blood cells

E) osteocytes

49) Because they are strong and relatively inflexible, ________ enable bone to withstand the stress of compression.

A) collagen fibers

B) calcium phosphate crystals

C) reticular fibers

D) osteocytes

E) osteoclasts

50) Because they resist stretch, the ________ fibers provide the tensile strength of bone.

A) calcium phosphate

B) hydroxyapatite

C) sodium phosphate

D) collagen

E) calcium hydroxide

51) The walls of bones are composed of ________.

A) spongy bone

B) spicules

C) trabecular bone

D) cancellous bone

E) compact bone

52) ________ are struts or plates within spongy bone which assist in withstanding stresses in a specific direction.

A) Lamellae

B) Lacunae

C) Perforating canals

D) Central canals

E) Trabeculae

53) The physical process of bone formation is called ________.

A) disintegration

B) osteogenesis

C) embryogenesis

D) fertilization

E) articulation

Solution

46) Ans-(B) arthrocentesis-

Arthroscopy is surgical procedure for orthopaedic surgeons used to visualize &diagnose & treat ment problems inside the joint. arthroscopy world comes from Greek words, \"arthro\" -joint&skopein-to look. means \"to look within the joint.

47) Ans-(C)  calcium hydroxide-

Inorganic Compound of Bone Matrix is Salt Crystals of Calcium phosphate & calcium hydroxide that interact to formed a crystals of hydroxyapatite,Crystals are deposit surrounding the long axis of collagen fiber in the extracellular matrix, That crystal harden a matrix and account for the rigidity and relative inflexibility bone that which provide the compressional strength

48)Ans-(A) adipocytes-marrow- tissue that fills internal cavities in bone & dominated by hemopoietic cell and by adipose tissue.yellow marrow- Fatty connective tissue that are no longer productive of blood cell & they replaces red marrow

49)Ans-(B) calcium phosphate crystals-

calcium phosphate crystals is enable bone to withstand the stress of compression

50)Ans-(D) collagen

Because they resist stretch, the collagen fibers provide the tensile strength of bone,

collagen is main structural protein in extracellular space in various connective tissues of animal bodies, collagen is main component of connective tissue, collagen is most abundant protein in the mammals,making up 30% of whole body protein, collagen tissues may be rigid in bone or compliant tendon, and a gradient from rigid –to compliant cartilage.Collagen, in form of elongated fibril,or mostly it found in the fibrous tissues for example- tendons, ligaments & skin. also abundant in, cartilage, bones, blood vessels, the gut, corneas & the dentin in teeth.fibroblast is most common cell that are creates collagen.

51)Ans-(E) compact bone

The very hard outer layer of the bones is composed of the cortical bone also called the compact bone, Cortical (cortex) layer, The hard layer give bone- smooth and white & solid appearance & totall accounts for 85% of total bone mass of   human skeleton

52)Ans-(E) Trabeculae

is small, and often microscopic, and it’s form of small beam & strut or rod and have a mechanical function & composed of the dense collagenous tissue like-(trabecula of spleen),and   formation of the trabeculae is known as the trabeculation.

53)Ans-(B) osteogenesis

the Ossification achieved by the bone-forming cells is called osteoblasts [osteo- mean bone in Greek]. osteoblasts produce a bone tissue, which is called as osteotissue, & also they secrete enzyme called phosphatase - allows the calcium salts to deposited in newly formed a bone tissue. this process make the tissue hard or bone-like.