Summarize the regulation of glycolysis in a fed state and a

Solution

In well fed state- When a meal is consumed,the glucose and amino acids are shifed from the intestines to the blood .The lipds are also conveyed to the blood by lymphatic system.In fed state,there are two important regulators of fuel metabolism-insulin and glucagon.Insulin activates the synthesis of glycogen in liver and muscles .Insulin also stimulates glycolysis in the liver thus increasing the concentration of fatty acids.The excess glucose is converted by the liver into glycogen which can be used during glucose is scarce.The blood glucose is taken up by the liver by GLUT2 due to the action of insulin .Glucose 6 phospahte is formed by the liver as the level of glucose increases.This inreases in glucose 6 phosphate gives rise to glycogen concentration.Thus the level of glycolysis increases during fed state.

in starving state-As the level of glucose decreases ,the insulin levels also begin to fall and the level of glucagon increases,due to fall in glucose levels.Glucagon helps to mobilize the glucogen during low glucose concentraton.Glucagon acts on the liver.Glucagon lead to glycogen breakdown by activating the cyclic AMP cycle that leads to phosphorylation and activates phosphorylase.It also stops glyolysis by decreasing fructose 2 ,6 biphosphate concentration.The glucose produced breakdown of glucose 6 phosphate from glucogen is relaes into the bloodstream.