Applying the understanding of chemical reactions to the endo

Applying the understanding of chemical reactions to the endocrine system and other biological phenomena what is that?

Describe the hormonal responses to stress, how they are coordinated, and the larger effects on the body?

Provide specific examples to demonstrate how the endocrine organs respond to maintain homeostasis in the body?

Predict factors or situations affecting the endocrine organs that could disrupt homeostasis?

Predict the types of problems that would occur in the body if the various endocrine organs could not maintain homeostasis?

Solution

Hormones activate cells for production of proteins. Hormones are chemical and they activate cells by using chemical reaction involves in ligand- receptor binding or releasing secondary messengers. These reactions generally involve hydrolysis process which is energy dependent. Generally, GTP and ATP regulated energy cascade involve.

During stress, body’s sympathetic nervous system use \"fight or flight\" mechanism for responding in stress. Various hormones regulate the stress condition, such as Cortisol, Adrenaline, and Norepinephrine. Under stress, our brain recognizes the situation and then releases neurotransmitters to hypothatlamus to secrete various hormone-releasing hormonal factors like corticotrophin-releasing factor and Gonadotrophin releasing hormone. Those hormones then stimulate other hormones. Stress related secretions of hormones make results like suppressing the immune system and increasing or decreasing of blood pressure and sugar.

Various hormones maintain homeostasis. Blood glucose level maintains by insulin and glucagon and blood calcium level maintains by parathyroid hormone.