design an experiment that would allow you to distinguish bet

design an experiment that would allow you to distinguish between potential presynaptic mechanisms. Provide results that would support different mechanisms.

Solution

Patch clamp technique: This technique potentially used to study the properties of the membrane proteins including receptor ion channels; simple protein ion channels with \"potential presynaptic mechanism including GABA mediated K+\" & also the properties of sodium channels by patch pipettes (filled with solution). These pippetes were pulled to make a whole-cell and to induce a cellular recording from the presynaptic \"GABA or NMDA\" receptor potential. Finally, the electrophysiological readings can be distinguished to the control \"neuron cell\" in which there was no electrical stimulation is given. We can get compound action potentials from the nerve.

The mechanisms such as long-term potentiation (due to prensynaptic & post-synaptic excitatory glutamate activity) is going to be trigger in the presence of presynpatic potential result in learning and memory whereas absence of these presynaptic potentials are leading to no generation of \"LTP\" instead LTD (long term depression) is generated

In this method an electrode using a large, tip which greater than 1uM with considerably sharp tip associated with very delicate surface used to spike cells associated ion channel proteins by pressing this electrode over the cell membrane. Here we need to apply suction in order to pull the plasma membrane inside the electrode tip finally leading to form a tight seal with the electrode. This system connected to the amplifier and voltage meter to get the spike s across the proteins.

In case of voltage clamp recordings, we have to use microelectrode associated with conductive solution and we have inject this into the plasma membrane of the cell to regulate the membrane potential. Here this membrane consider as dielectric, fluids on either side if the membrane acts as capacitors.