Explain how competition parasitism predation mutualism and c

Explain how competition, parasitism, predation, mutualism, and commensalisms can all

affect the distribution and abundance of populations (help, harm, or no effect). Provide

examples of each effect.

Solution

its has a negative impact on population but its balances ecosystem by intraspecific / interspecific struggle . And helps to maintain a constant population size.

PARASITISM is a type of association where one species always gain benefits and another species always face harmful effects. It is a type of association where one small sized species is fully depends on other relative very large size species. Where small size species always get benefits and is called parasites. Generally , parasites are not lethal. It can be two types ecto parasites and endo-parasites. Leech is an ecto parasite and hook worm is an endo parasite. parasitism also has a negative impact on environment. Its a kind of negative selection.

Predation: it is a type of association where one species is depends on other species fully for there food .dependent species is called predator. It also helps to control population size. Lion is a predator of zebra.(example) Mutualism is a type of association where two different species are associated with each other for living and both get benefits for the association. Lichen is the good example of mutualism where fungi and algae associated with each other. Algae make food for fungi by photosynthesis and the fungi helps to breakdown complex minerals for algae.. It is a positive impact on environment and population.Commensalism is a type of association where one species is depends on other species but other species gets neither benefits nor harmful effects. E.g. The orchid grows on mango tree . Here orchid get a support from mango tree but mango tree gets neither benefits of harmful effects. It is also a little bit positive impact on environment and population