Perform the indicated goodnessoffit test You roll a die 48 t
Perform the indicated goodness-of-fit test.
You roll a die 48 times with the following results.
 Use a significance level of 0.05 to test the claim that the die is fair.   
| Number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 
| Frequency | 2 | 4 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 3 | 
Solution
Doing an observed/expected value table,          
 O   E   (O - E)^2/E  
 2   8   4.5  
 4   8   2  
 12   8   2  
 13   8   3.125  
 14   8   4.5  
 3   8   3.125  
        #DIV/0!  
        #DIV/0!  
        #DIV/0!  
        #DIV/0!  
        #DIV/0!  
        #DIV/0!  
           
 Using chi^2 = Sum[(O - E)^2/E],          
           
 chi^2 =    19.25      
           
 As df = a - 1,           
           
 a =    6      
 df = a - 1 =    5      
           
 Then, the critical chi^2 value is          
           
 significance level =    0.05      
 chi^2(crit) =    11.07049769      
           
 Also, the p value is          
           
 p =    0.001726529      
           
 Thus, comparing chi^2 and chi^2(crit) [or, p and significance level], we   REJECT THE NULL HYPOTHESIS.      
There is significant evidence at 0.05 level that the die is not fair.

