In affinity chromatography what could the beads in the colum

In affinity chromatography, what could the beads in the column likely have attached to them? Ligand Na+ and Ca2+ Affinity-red complex O Acetyl ene

Solution

Answer 1a) Ligand

Reason - Ligand term can be used to denote any ion/substance/molecule/functional group that can make a complex with another biomolecule based on some non-covalent interactions, to carry out some biological process. in other terms, ligands may have specific affinity for its binding partner. this is the reason why suitable Ligands (based on the type of molecule to be isolated/purified) are used in affinity chromatography, where they are attached to the stationary matrix of beads in the column.

Answer 2) Following statements are mentioned as True and False with reasoning;

a) Protein purification results in the increased specific activity; True because the specific activity is a measure of the rate of reaction by an enzyme. and purer the enzyme preparation, higher becomes its rate of reaction.

b) The purpose of protein purification is to remove all the proteins except the protein of interest; True because we isolate and purify only the protein of interest, while the other proteins in the mixture are lost during the purification process.

c) Specific activity is lower with the protein of interest making up the greater portion of protein mixture used in the assay; False because the greater portion of the protein of interest means that more purified protein and this will result in increased specific activity.

d) protein purification can not use differences in the chemical properties to get a pure protein of interest; False because protein purification is based on their specific Physico-chemical properties such as specific activity and binding affinity.

Answer 3) proteins can be purified according to all of these (methods are mentioned after each property);

a) binding affinity - Affinity chromatography

b) Isoelectric point - Gel electrophoresis

c) Charge - Ion exchange chromatography

d) Solubility - Salting out method

e) Size - SDS-PAGE

Answer 4 a) Mitochondria

Reason - Because Nucleus and mitochondria are the heaviest cell organelles and they can be found in the pellet upon centrifugation, while the other remains suspended in the homogenate as supernatant.