Chloroplasts and mitochondria both generate ATP by chemiosmo

Chloroplasts and mitochondria both generate ATP by chemiosmosis, but use different sources of energy. Explain how an electron transport chain coupled with chemiosmosis powers the production of ATP. What is the original source of energy for chemiosmosis in the mitochondria? What is the original source of energy for chemiosmosis in the chloroplast?

Solution

Chemie Osmosis is the movement of Ions across selectively permeable membrane down the electrochemical gradient. an example is generation of ATP by the movement of hydrogen ions across the membrane during cellular respiration During chemie osmosis electron Carriers like n a dh and F A D H donate electrons to the electron transport chain these electrons cause conformational changes in the shapes of proteins to allow the pumping of h + ions across the membrane the uneven distribution of the ions result in concentration gradient going to the positive charge and their assembly on one side of the membrane. ATP synthase is the enzyme which makes ATP by chemie osmosis it\'s all over protons to pass through the membrane and utilizes free energy difference tu phosphorylate ADP to ATP this process occurs in mitochondria and chloroplast.

Mitochondria- in the inner mitochondrial membrane hydrogen ions have channel available a membrane protein called ATP synthase which is turned by the flow of hydrogen ions moving down there electrochemical gradient once it Returns AP catalyzes the reaction to form a atp so chemie osmosis can be referred to the process in which energy stored in a Proton gradient is used to complete the work.

Chloroplast- this process is also involved in light reactions of photosynthesis where the chlorophyll is activated by solar energy which is used to split water molecules into h + ions.

This process is used to generate 90% of ATP during aerobic respiration. The production of ATP using this process in mitochondria is called oxidative phosphorylation. This method is used in light reactions of photosynthesis to harness solar energy.