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You’re a pilot for the Navy. For your airplane to be able to lift itself off the ground, it must be traveling forward with a speed of 208 km/h (130 mph).

a. The force exerted by the air on the airplane causes it to accelerate down the runway. How long must the runway be for the airplane to reach its takeoff speed?

b. An aircraft carrier runway is only about 100 m long. As your answer to part b indicates, this distance is not enough for the airplane to reach takeoff speed on its own. The aircraft carrier must assist the airplane by exerting an extra force on it. The aircraft carrier uses a steam-powered catapult to help push the airplane forward. How much additional force must the catapult exert on the airplane to bring the airplane to takeoff speed at the end of the 100-m runway?

c. How does a helicopter fly that allows it to land in a smaller space then a jet?

d. Why do aircraft carriers use more jets than helicopter?

e. What is a sonic boom, and what causes it?

Solution

1. Calculate the degree of undermines “n”;

2. Choose a rational analysis scheme for method of force

3. Calculate diagrams from unit loads and actual forces;